Florence Nightingale: The most famous figure from nursing history is definitely Florence Nightingale who cared for the weakest members of the population and fought to improve medical conditions while mentoring others to do similar work. She served in the Crimean War and helped make the conditions more sanitary and later worked with Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell to open the Women’s Medical College.
Margaret Sanger: The legalization of birth control can largely be attributed to Margaret Sanger who fought to spread the word about women’s health topics ranging from birth control to menstruation to sexuality. She got in trouble with the law in the U.S. and had to flee to Europe for a time as a result. She founded the organization that eventually became Planned Parenthood and opened the first legal clinic in the United States where women could get birth control.
Clara Barton: Soldiers in the Civil War would not have had the medical care they did if it weren’t for Clara Barton who started out organizing medical supplies and eventually braved the battlefields to provide care for soldiers as the Lady in Charge of Union hospitals appointed by Lincoln himself. She went on to begin the American Red Cross.
Mary Eliza Mahoney: As the United States’ first African American nurse, Mary Eliza Mahoney is an important part of history for many reasons. In addition to her many years of nursing and work to form new hospitals and African American orphanages, she also co-founded the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses.
Anna Caroline Maxwell: She was to the U.S. what Florence Nightingale was to Europe. Anna Caroline Maxwell was in charge of Army nurses in the Spanish-American War, founder of the Army Nurse Corps, recipient of the Medal of Honor for Public Health in WWII and first director of what is now the Columbia School of Nursing.
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